Chap 5
Data Handling
SOME IMPORTANT FACTS
1. Information
in the form of numerical figures is called observations.
2. Observations
gathered initially are called Raw data.
3. The
number of times a particular observation occur is called its frequency.
4.
When the number of observation is large ,
the data is usually organized into groups called class intervals.
5. Table
showing the frequencies of various class intervals is called a frequency distribution table.
6. Data
in the class intervals is called a grouped
data
7. A bar graph is used to show comparison
among categories.
8. A Pie chart is used to compare parts of
a whole. In a pie chart, the values of different components are represented by
the sectors of a circle. The total angle of 3600 at the centre of a circle is divided
according to the values of the components. Central angle for a component =
( Value of the
component x 360/Total value ) 0
9. A Histogram is a bar graph that shows data in
intervals.
10. A line graph displays
data that changes continuously over periods of time.
11. A line graph which is a whole unbroken
line is called a linear graph
12. Probability : probability is a concept which
numerically measures the degree of uncertainty and therefore , of certainty of
the occurrence of events.
Probability of the happening of A =
No
of favorable outcomes of A / Total no. of possible outcome
P( impossible events ) = 0 , p ( sure event ) = 1 and 0≤p(A) ≤1.
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